Gynaecology › Abnormal Smear Result
Abnormal Smear Result
An "abnormal" smear result causes considerable anxiety for most women. In fact the great majority of such results are not cancer; most are early cell changes that resolve with follow-up or a minor procedure.
What the terms in the report mean
- ASC-US: cell changes of uncertain significance — usually assessed together with an HPV test
- LSIL (low-grade change): frequently regresses on its own and is followed up
- HSIL (high-grade change): requires closer examination and usually treatment
- AGC: change in glandular cells — detailed assessment is required
What happens next
The path chosen depends on the grade of the abnormality, your age and the HPV result. Sometimes the only step needed is to repeat the test after a defined interval; in other cases colposcopy is required to examine the cervix under magnification.
If a suspicious area is seen at colposcopy, a small tissue sample (biopsy) is taken from it. The definitive decision rests on that result.
If treatment is needed
For high-grade changes, removal of the affected area of the cervix as a thin layer (LEEP/conisation) or cryotherapy may be considered. These procedures preserve the uterus and usually do not remove the possibility of future pregnancy.
Why follow-up matters
Whether or not treatment has been given, regular review after an abnormal smear is essential. The interval is set according to the result and the treatment given; keeping those appointments is the single most decisive part of the process.
