Gynaecology › Sexually Transmitted Infections
Sexually Transmitted Infections
A large proportion of sexually transmitted infections cause no symptoms. The absence of symptoms does not mean the absence of infection, which is why screening is based on circumstances rather than complaints.
What is screened for
- Chlamydia and gonorrhoea
- Trichomonas
- HPV (as part of cervical screening)
- Genital herpes
- Syphilis
- Hepatitis B and C
- HIV
When screening is advisable
- At the start of a new sexual relationship
- After a risk exposure, even without symptoms
- When planning a pregnancy
- With pelvic pain, abnormal discharge or bleeding between periods
- When an infection has been found in a partner
How it is done
Depending on the infection being looked for, screening uses a vaginal sample, a urine sample or a blood test. It is usually completed in a single consultation.
Results and everything discussed are confidential. There is no judgement in the consulting room; the aim is accurate diagnosis and treatment, nothing else.
Treatment
Most bacterial infections resolve completely with the appropriate antibiotic. For viral infections such as herpes and HPV, treatment aims to control symptoms and the risk of transmission.
Assessment and treatment of the partner at the same time is essential; intercourse is avoided during treatment and a test of cure is performed afterwards.
Protection
- Condoms are the most effective protection against most infections
- Vaccination is available for HPV and hepatitis B
- Screening at the start of a new relationship is part of protection
- The contraceptive pill protects against pregnancy, not infection
